Caudium, ii, n., a small but ancient city of Samnium, near Benevento, celebrated for the narrow mountain pass (the Furculae Caudinae) where the Roman army was shut in by the Samnites, Liv. 9, 2, 1 sq.; Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109.

—Hence, Caudīnus, a, um, adj., of Caudium, Caudine: Furculae Caudinae, the Caudine Forks, now Casale di Forchia (al. Forchia d'Arpaia), Liv. 9, 2, 6; 9, 11, 3; Flor. 1, 16, 9.

—The same called Furcae Caudinae, Luc. 2, 137; and Caudinae Fauces, Sil. 8, 566; Col. 10, 132: saltus, Liv. 9, 7, 5: proelium, Cic. Sen. 12, 41: clades, Liv. 9, 16, 2: legiones, id. 25, 6, 12: jugum, Quint. 3, 8, 3: pax, Liv. 9, 7, 4: foedus, Flor. 2, 18, 7: Samnites, Liv. 23, 41, 13.

—Subst.: Caudīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Caudium, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 105.