Caelius (Coel-), i, m. A Roman gentile name. The orator M. Caelius Rufus, for whom Cicero made an oration, and whose letters to Cicero are contained in the 8th book of the Epp. ad Famil.; Cic. Brut. 79, 273; Caes. B. C. 3, 20 sqq.; Vell. 2, 68, 1; Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 4; Quint. 10, 1, 115; v. Teuffel, Rom. Litt. § 206, 5 sqq.

—Hence, Caeliānus, a, um, adj., Caelian: orationes, Tac. Or. 21.

— L. Caelius Antipater, a distinguished historian and jurist in the time of the Gracchi, and teacher of Crassus, Cic. Brut. 26, 102; id. de Or. 2, 12, 53; id. Leg. 1, 2, 6.

—Hence, Caeliāna, ōrum, n., the writings of Caelius, Cic. Att. 13, 8; v. Teuffel. Rom. Litt. § 142.

— C. Caelius Caldus, an orator, contemporary with Crassus, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117; id. Planc. 21, 52; id. Leg. 3, 16, 36.

— Caelius Aurelianus, a physician of the post - classic period, v. Teuffel, Rom. Litt. § 456.

— Caelius Mons, the Caelian Hill at Rome, south of Palatinus, and east of Aventinus, named after the Tuscan Caeles Vibenna (pure Etrusc. Kaile Fipne), now the Lateran Mount, Varr L. L. 5, § 46 Mull.; Cic. Rep. 2, 18, 33; id. Off. 3, 16, 66; Tac. A. 4, 65.

—Called Caelius Major, Mart. 12, 18, 16; cf. Caeliolus.

—The soldiers of this Caeles are called Caeliāni, Varr. L. L. 5, § 46 Mull.; cf.: CAELIANVS EXERCITVS, Inscr. Grut. 502, 1, 20.